apparent position of the outer planets.
outer planets are those located further away from the Sun than the Earth. They are: Mars, Jupiter, Saturn, Neptune, Uranus and Pluto.
When the Earth and outer planet are on opposite sides of the Sun, says that the planet is in conjunction. This is the time when the planet is behind the sun, making it impossible to observe. It is said that an outer planet is in opposition when the planet is at its closest position to Earth, this is visible all night: The Sun sets in the west and the planet rises in the east. As time passes, the planet rises until it sets in the west, more or less at the time the sun will rise in the east.
You can see a planet during the time that is not in opposition. The closer you get less time to their conjunction can be seen in the sky. It is said that an outer planet is in quadrature with the Sun when the angle of the planet Earth and the Sun at a right angle of 90 degrees. You can observe a phase effect on some outer planets.
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